Coding

CONNECTIVITY The function of these cables is to connect to computers and resources with the maximum efficiency and speed. Also, they allow us to connect different devices together and transfer data between them as well. There are three types of cabling: COAXIAL: The maximun length of a segment is 200m, and it can transfer data up to 100mb. ETHERNET: there are different types of Ethernet cables: Unshielded:  they are cheaper and not as fast as the shielded cables Shielded:  They have a higher production cost and they take longer to produce, however, they are faster and more effective as they don't experience phase distortion. the Ethernet maximum distance rate without amplifying is 100m. FIBRE OPTIC They are the fastest cables nowadays, they can transfer data up to 100gb, and they can go over for 2km without amplifying. Also, they don't face interference. Therefore, they are really expensive.

POWER SUPPLY FUNCTION: This internal hardware component supplies electric power to the computer by transforming Alternating Current (AC) into Direct Current (DC) and decrease the voltage into three different outputs: 12v, 5v and 3.3v.  Each voltage are dedicated to different elements of the computer RATING: The power is measured in Watts, higher the need; components such as hard drives and cards, higher the power needed.  CONNECTOR TYPES The most common is the Molex connector, although it's a bit old nowadays and we have more modern connections as SATA

PERIPHERALS They are auxiliary devices that add functionality to a computer, they can be: Input devices. They  gather information and send it back to the CPU as binary code. keyboards: are Input devices with different inputs buttons that represent each letter, number and sign. It transforms the binary code into characters. Mice : It helps you to interact with the interface by moving an object with a laser tracker that puts those tracking points into a vector position on the computer. Scanner:   this device use optical sensors to transform a   hard copy into a digital image.   Output devices. T hey do the reverse operation; transforming code into something that everybody can understand.  Screens:  They transform  the code from the computer into pixels,  displaying videos, images and text.   they can have different connections : VGA, HDMI, DVI... Speakers: These  devices receive information from the sound card and with different circuits and amplifiers they

MEMORY A memory is a temporary storage that computers uses to hold data and instructions. One of the most important storage devices is random access memory(RAM), that is  the  fastest way in which data can get to the processor.  Random access memory (RAM) is the temporary storage for data and programs that are being  accessed by the CPU. Non volatile / volatile A volatile memory, lose its data when the computer is  powered off. On  the other hand,  a Non Volatile memory that does not lose its data when switched off. Different types: RAM :  Is one of the most important storage devices,  is a volatile memory, that stores data and programs that are being accessed by the CPU. RAM is a volatile memory. ROM: Read-only memory (ROM)  contains basic instructions for booting the computer and loading the operating system.  ROM, on  the other hand,  is a Non Volatile memory CACHE: Is fast and expensive as well. It is located inside the proces

STORAGE DEVICES This type of storage devices can gather information without loosing them over time like with volatile devices as Ram There are different types: OPTICAL:  Such as CD-ROM or DVD , they are cheap and portable , although they are fragile and have a s mall storage capacity , 700 mb in the case of the CD and 4.7 GB in the DVD. Usually people use the optical storage devices for films, music or for software however, now a days they are not popular. SOLID STATE:  A perfect example is the flash drive , extremely common in these times. Flash drives use technologies similar to the Ram Memory but not being volatile. They are small, fast and portable . In addition, they have a big storage capacity , up to 2 Tb. Although, not everything is positive, flash drives are fragile and easy to loose, as you need to carry it with you. In our society, flash drives have almost replaced totally the optical devices. MAGNETIC: Hard disks are the biggest devices, the

THE PROCESSOR The function of the processor The processor is a chip that controls all the computer instructions by interpreting them as  a binary code.  The control circuitry pulls data in via the various  ports, directs it along data buses,stores it in  the memories and performs the calculations Its roles Performing calculations: the calculations are made by components in the cpu using binary code. Data manipulation: The cpu can receive data from input devices, store the instructions and send data back to output devices Decision making Performance features Clock speed: Is the speed at which the microprocessor executes instructions  Cores: It is the processing unit.   For example, having two cores, multiply the processing power of the cpu by two.   Cache  Is a small and fast memory, situated close to the cpu to accelerate the processor performance by storing copies of the most frequently used datas Makes Intel and  AMD are t